Short summary in 5 minutes of chapter-Globe Latitudes and Longitudes | CBSE NCERT class 6 geography textbook notes for upsc (chapter 2)
NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Notes: Well if you want to cover up remaining ncert books quickly (less than 5
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| NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 - Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Notes |
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Ncert Geo class 6 textbook chapter 2 -Globe Latitudes and Longitudes
(quick revision notes in English)
What is a globe?
A globe is a true
model of the earth. The globes are available in varying sizes and types. It can
be rotated in the same way as a top spin or potter’s wheel is rotated.
What is an Axis?
The imaginary line
passing through the centre of the Earth and joining the two points. For instance,
in a globe the needle is fixed through it in a titled manner, which is called
its axis.
What is equator?
An imaginary circular line running on the globe divides the
Earth into two equal parts which is called as Equator. The two equal parts have
different names as per their location.
The northern half
of the earth is known as the Northern Hemisphere and the southern half is
called the Southern Hemisphere.
What are parallels of latitudes?
All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are
called parallels of latitudes.
NOTE: - The equator represents the zero degree latitude.
Besides the equator (0 degree Celsius), the North Pole (90 degree North), the South Pole (90 degree South), there are four important parallels of latitude: -
Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere, Tropic of Capricorn in Southern hemisphere, Arctic Circle at north of the Equator and Antarctic Circle at south of the Equator.
Now let us see different zones present on earth divided on the basis of temperature.
There are 3 Heat Zones of the Earth:
1. The area which receives the maximum heat is called the
Torrid zone.
2. The areas around Antarctic Circle in the Southern
Hemisphere, have medium temperature. These are called Temperature Zones.
3. These are certain cold areas in the hemisphere. They are
called Frigid Zones.
Now let us study about the longitudes and latitudes.
What are Longitudes?
Longitudes are imaginary circles that intersect the North and
South Poles, and the Equator.
Salient features of the longitudes:
1. Unlike parallels of latitude, all meridians are of equal
length.
(ii) Hence, all countries decided that the count should
begin from the meridian which passed through Greenwich, where the British Royal
Observatory is located. This meridian is called the Prime Meridian.
Longitude and Time Relation:
i) The best means of measuring time is by the movement of
the earth, the moon and the planets.
ii) The sun regularly rises and sets every day, and
naturally. It is the best time-keeper the world.
iii) Local time can be reckoned by the shadow cast by the
sun, which is the shortest at noon and longest at sunrise and sunset.
iv) When the prime meridian of Greenwich has the sun at the
highest point in the sky, all the places along this meridian will have mid-day
or noon.
v) As the Earth rotates from west to east, those places east
of Greenwich will be ahead of Greenwich time and those to the west will be
behind it.
vi) At any place a watch can be adjusted to read 12 0’clock
when the sun is at the highest point in the sky, when it is mid-day.
Why do we have Standard Time?
(i) The local time of places which are on different
meridians are bound to differ.
(ii) For example, in India there will be a difference of of
about 1 hour and 45 minutes in the local times of Dwarka in Gujarat and
Dibrugarh in Assam.
(iii) In India, the longitude of 23.5 degrees S is treated
as the standard meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as the
standard time for the whole country. It is called Indian Standard Time.
What are latitudes?
Latitude is an angle which ranges from 0° at the Equator to
90° (North or South) at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, also known as
parallels, run east–west as circles parallel to the equator.
What is the use of latitude and Longitude?
Latitude is used together with longitude to
specify the precise location of features on the surface of the Earth.
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